| 1 |
Girard K, Raffin TA. The chronically critically ill: to save or let die? [J]. Respir Care, 1985, 30(5): 339-347.
|
| 2 |
Loss SH, Nunes DSL, Franzosi OS, et al. Chronic critical illness: are we saving patients or creating victims? [J]. Rev Bras Ter Intensiva, 2017, 29(1): 87-95.
|
| 3 |
Carson SS. Definitions and epidemiology of the chronically critically ill [J]. Respir Care, 2012, 57(6): 848-856; discussion 856-858.
|
| 4 |
Loss SH, Marchese CB, Boniatti MM, et al. Prediction of chronic critical illness in a general intensive care unit [J]. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992), 2013, 59(3): 241-247.
|
| 5 |
Nelson JE, Cox CE, Hope AA, et al. Chronic critical illness [J]. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2010, 182(4): 446-454.
|
| 6 |
Kahn JM, Le T, Angus DC, et al. The epidemiology of chronic critical illness in the United States [J]. Crit Care Med, 2015, 43(2): 282-287.
|
| 7 |
Gardner AK, Ghita GL, Wang Z, et al. The development of chronic critical illness determines physical function, quality of life, and long-term survival among early survivors of sepsis in surgical ICUs [J]. Crit Care Med, 2019, 47(4): 566-573.
|
| 8 |
Ohbe H, Satoh K, Totoki T, et al. Definitions, epidemiology, and outcomes of persistent/chronic critical illness: a scoping review for translation to clinical practice [J]. Crit Care, 2024, 28(1): 435.
|
| 9 |
Liu P, Li S, Zheng T, et al. Subphenotyping heterogeneous patients with chronic critical illness to guide individualised fluid balance treatment using machine learning: a retrospective cohort study [J]. EClinicalMedicine, 2023, 59: 101970.
|
| 10 |
Ohbe H, Matsui H, Fushimi K, et al. Epidemiology of chronic critical illness in Japan: a nationwide inpatient database study [J]. Crit Care Med, 2021, 49(1): 70-78.
|
| 11 |
Madrid RA, McGee W. Value, chronic critical illness, and choosing wisely [J]. J Intensive Care Med, 2019, 34(8): 609-614.
|
| 12 |
Brakenridge SC, Efron PA, Cox MC, et al. Current epidemiology of surgical sepsis: discordance between inpatient mortality and 1-year outcomes [J]. Ann Surg, 2019, 270(3): 502-510.
|
| 13 |
Mira JC, Cuschieri J, Ozrazgat-Baslanti T, et al. The epidemiology of chronic critical illness after severe traumatic injury at two level-one trauma centers [J]. Crit Care Med, 2017, 45(12): 1989-1996.
|
| 14 |
Lone NI, Walsh TS. Prolonged mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients: epidemiology, outcomes and modelling the potential cost consequences of establishing a regional weaning unit [J]. Crit Care, 2011, 15(2): R102.
|
| 15 |
Tuttle CSL, Thang LAN, Maier AB. Markers of inflammation and their association with muscle strength and mass: a systematic review and meta-analysis [J]. Ageing Res Rev, 2020, 64: 101185.
|
| 16 |
Hooijman PE, Beishuizen A, Witt CC, et al. Diaphragm muscle fiber weakness and ubiquitin-proteasome activation in critically ill patients [J]. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2015, 191(10): 1126-1138.
|
| 17 |
Vainshtein A, Sandri M. Signaling pathways that control muscle mass [J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2020, 21(13): 4759.
|
| 18 |
Liu GY, Sabatini DM. mTOR at the nexus of nutrition, growth, ageing and disease [J]. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 2020, 21(4): 183-203.
|
| 19 |
Vermes I, Beishuizen A. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal response to critical illness [J]. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2001, 15(4): 495-511.
|
| 20 |
Schakman O, Kalista S, Barbé C, et al. Glucocorticoid-induced skeletal muscle atrophy [J]. Int J Biochem Cell Biol, 2013, 45(10): 2163-2172.
|
| 21 |
Van den Berghe G. On the neuroendocrinopathy of critical illness. Perspectives for Feeding and Novel Treatments [J]. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2016, 194(11): 1337-1348.
|
| 22 |
Van den Berghe G, Wouters P, Weekers F, et al. Reactivation of pituitary hormone release and metabolic improvement by infusion of growth hormone-releasing peptide and thyrotropin-releasing hormone in patients with protracted critical illness [J]. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 1999, 84(4): 1311-1323.
|
| 23 |
Sharshar T, Bastuji-Garin S, De Jonghe B, et al. Hormonal status and ICU-acquired paresis in critically ill patients [J]. Intensive Care Med, 2010, 36(8): 1318-1326.
|
| 24 |
Supinski GS, Schroder EA, Callahan LA. Mitochondria and critical illness [J]. Chest, 2020, 157(2): 310-322.
|
| 25 |
Powers SK, Schrager M. Redox signaling regulates skeletal muscle remodeling in response to exercise and prolonged inactivity [J]. Redox Biol, 2022, 54: 102374.
|
| 26 |
Mohallem R, Aryal UK. Regulators of TNFα mediated insulin resistance elucidated by quantitative proteomics [J]. Sci Rep, 2020, 10(1): 20878.
|
| 27 |
Arunachala Murthy T, Chapple LS, Lange K, et al. Gastrointestinal dysfunction during enteral nutrition delivery in intensive care unit (ICU) patients: risk factors, natural history, and clinical implications. A post-hoc analysis of the Augmented versus Routine approach to Giving Energy Trial (TARGET) [J]. Am J Clin Nutr, 2022, 116(2): 589-598.
|
| 28 |
Munley JA, Park G, Kelly LS, et al. Persistence and sexual dimorphism of gut dysbiosis and pathobiome after sepsis and trauma [J]. Ann Surg, 2024, 280(3): 491-503.
|
| 29 |
Dickson RP. The microbiome and critical illness [J]. Lancet Respir Med, 2016, 4(1): 59-72.
|
| 30 |
Page A, Flower L, Prowle J, et al. Novel methods to identify and measure catabolism [J]. Curr Opin Crit Care, 2021, 27(4): 361-366.
|
| 31 |
Ferrie S, Tsang E. Monitoring nutrition in critical illness: what can we use? [J]. Nutr Clin Pract, 2018, 33(1): 133-146.
|
| 32 |
Haines RW, Zolfaghari P, Wan Y, et al. Elevated urea-to-creatinine ratio provides a biochemical signature of muscle catabolism and persistent critical illness after major trauma [J]. Intensive Care Med, 2019, 45(12): 1718-1731.
|
| 33 |
Zhang Z, Ho KM, Gu H, et al. Defining persistent critical illness based on growth trajectories in patients with sepsis [J]. Crit Care, 2020, 24(1): 57.
|
| 34 |
Gunst J, Kashani KB, Hermans G. The urea-creatinine ratio as a novel biomarker of critical illness-associated catabolism [J]. Intensive Care Med, 2019, 45(12): 1813-1815.
|
| 35 |
Flower L, Haines RW, McNelly A, et al. Effect of intermittent or continuous feeding and amino acid concentration on urea-to-creatinine ratio in critical illness [J]. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr, 2022, 46(4): 789-797.
|
| 36 |
Barreto EF, Poyant JO, Coville HH, et al. Validation of the sarcopenia index to assess muscle mass in the critically ill: a novel application of kidney function markers [J]. Clin Nutr, 2019, 38(3): 1362-1367.
|
| 37 |
Ravn B, Prowle JR, Mårtensson J, et al. Superiority of serum cystatin C over creatinine in prediction of long-term prognosis at discharge from ICU [J]. Crit Care Med, 2017, 45(9): e932-e940.
|
| 38 |
Trappe T, Williams R, Carrithers J, et al. Influence of age and resistance exercise on human skeletal muscle proteolysis: a microdialysis approach [J]. J Physiol, 2004, 554(Pt 3): 803-813.
|
| 39 |
Wandrag L, Brett SJ, Frost GS, et al. Exploration of muscle loss and metabolic state during prolonged critical illness: implications for intervention? [J]. PLoS One, 2019, 14(11): e0224565.
|
| 40 |
Park J, Mehrotra R, Rhee CM, et al. Serum creatinine level, a surrogate of muscle mass, predicts mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients [J]. Nephrol Dial Transplant, 2013, 28(8): 2146-2155.
|
| 41 |
Kochlik B, Stuetz W, Pérès K, et al. Associations of plasma 3-methylhistidine with frailty status in French cohorts of the FRAILOMIC initiative [J]. J Clin Med, 2019, 8(7):1010.
|
| 42 |
Stortz JA, Mira JC, Raymond SL, et al. Benchmarking clinical outcomes and the immunocatabolic phenotype of chronic critical illness after sepsis in surgical intensive care unit patients [J]. J Trauma Acute Care Surg, 2018, 84(2): 342-349.
|
| 43 |
Ranke MB. Insulin-like growth factor binding-protein-3 (IGFBP-3) [J]. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2015, 29(5): 701-711.
|
| 44 |
Darden DB, Brakenridge SC, Efron PA, et al. Biomarker evidence of the persistent inflammation, immunosuppression and catabolism syndrome (PICS) in chronic critical illness (CCI) after surgical sepsis [J]. Ann Surg, 2021, 274(4): 664-673.
|
| 45 |
Ahasic AM, Tejera P, Wei Y, et al. Predictors of circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 in critical illness [J]. Crit Care Med, 2015, 43(12): 2651-2659.
|
| 46 |
Mesotten D, Wouters PJ, Peeters RP, et al. Regulation of the somatotropic axis by intensive insulin therapy during protracted critical illness [J]. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2004, 89(7): 3105-3113.
|
| 47 |
Van den Berghe G, de Zegher F, Lauwers P, et al. Growth hormone secretion in critical illness: effect of dopamine [J]. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 1994, 79(4): 1141-1146.
|
| 48 |
Zhao Q, Chu Y, Pan H, et al. Association between triglyceride glucose index and peak growth hormone in children with short stature [J]. Sci Rep, 2021, 11(1): 1969.
|
| 49 |
Zhang K, Chen Y, Liu L, et al. The triglycerides and glucose index rather than HOMA-IR is more associated with hypogonadism in Chinese men [J]. Sci Rep, 2017, 7(1): 15874.
|
| 50 |
Ahn SH, Lee JH, Lee JW. Inverse association between triglyceride glucose index and muscle mass in Korean adults: 2008-2011 KNHANES [J]. Lipids Health Dis, 2020, 19(1): 243.
|
| 51 |
Yang J, Liu C, Zhao S, et al. The association between the triglyceride-glucose index and sarcopenia: data from the NHANES 2011-2018 [J]. Lipids Health Dis, 2024, 23(1): 219.
|
| 52 |
Brakenridge SC, Moore FA, Mercier NR, et al. Persistently elevated glucagon-like peptide-1 levels among critically ill surgical patients after sepsis and development of chronic critical illness and dismal long-term outcomes [J]. J Am Coll Surg, 2019, 229(1): 58-67.
|
| 53 |
肖飞, 王银, 林海焕,等. 糖化血清蛋白联合血糖变异度对老年脓毒症患者继发持续性炎症-免疫抑制-分解代谢综合征的预测价值 [J]. 中华危重病急救医学, 2018, 30(11):1051-1055.
|
| 54 |
Deana C, Gunst J, De Rosa S, et al. Bioimpedance-assessed muscle wasting and its relation to nutritional intake during the first week of ICU: a pre-planned secondary analysis of Nutriti Study [J]. Ann Intensive Care, 2024, 14(1): 29.
|
| 55 |
Rollinson TC, Connolly B, Denehy L, et al. Ultrasound-derived rates of muscle wasting in the intensive care unit and in the post-intensive care ward for patients with critical illness: post hoc analysis of an international, multicentre randomised controlled trial of early rehabilitation [J]. Aust Crit Care, 2024, 37(6): 873-881.
|
| 56 |
Valverde Montoro D, Rosa Camacho V, Artacho González L, et al. Thigh ultrasound monitoring identifies muscle atrophy in mechanically ventilated pediatric patients [J]. Eur J Pediatr, 2023, 182(12): 5543-5551.
|
| 57 |
Fazzini B, Märkl T, Costas C, et al. The rate and assessment of muscle wasting during critical illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis [J]. Crit Care, 2023, 27(1): 2.
|
| 58 |
Schulman RC, Mechanick JI. Metabolic and nutrition support in the chronic critical illness syndrome [J]. Respir Care, 2012, 57(6): 958-977.
|
| 59 |
Groos S, Hunefeld G, Luciano L. Parenteral versus enteral nutrition: morphological changes in human adult intestinal mucosa [J]. J Submicrosc Cytol Pathol, 1996, 28(1): 61-74.
|
| 60 |
Jung CY, Bae JM. Pathophysiology and protective approaches of gut injury in critical illness [J]. Yeungnam Univ J Med, 2021, 38(1): 27-33.
|
| 61 |
郑雨馨, 郑雪兰, 锁叶, 等. 中国12省份重症医学科慢性危重症诊疗现状的调查报告 [J]. 中国实用内科杂志, 2024, 44(9): 745-751.
|
| 62 |
肖春红, 张再重, 宋京翔, 等. 营养支持治疗在慢性危重症治疗中的作用 [J]. 中华胃肠外科杂志, 2019, 22(11): 1016-1020.
|
| 63 |
De Waele E, Malbrain M, Spapen H. Nutrition in sepsis: a bench-to-bedside review [J]. Nutrients, 2020, 12(2): 395.
|
| 64 |
Maguire JM, Carson SS. Strategies to combat chronic critical illness [J]. Curr Opin Crit Care, 2013, 19(5): 480-487.
|
| 65 |
Hartl WH, Kopper P, Bender A, et al. Protein intake and outcome of critically ill patients: analysis of a large international database using piece-wise exponential additive mixed models [J]. Crit Care, 2022, 26(1): 7.
|
| 66 |
Matejovic M, Huet O, Dams K, et al. Medical nutrition therapy and clinical outcomes in critically ill adults: a European multinational, prospective observational cohort study (EuroPN) [J]. Crit Care, 2022, 26(1): 143.
|
| 67 |
刘培钊, 吴婕, 李思澄, 等. 基于MIMIC-Ⅳ数据库分析膳食纤维对慢性危重症病人预后影响的研究 [J]. 肠外与肠内营养, 2021, 28(2): 79-83.
|
| 68 |
Vanzant E, Loftus T, Kamel A, et al. Nutritional impact of omega 3 fatty acids and metabolites in acute and chronic critical illness [J]. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care, 2022, 25(2): 75-80.
|
| 69 |
Singer P, Bendavid I, Mesilati-Stahy R, et al. Enteral and supplemental parenteral nutrition enriched with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in intensive care patients-a randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial [J]. Clin Nutr, 2021, 40(5): 2544-2554.
|
| 70 |
Chen H, Wang W, Hong Y, et al. Single-blinded, randomized, and controlled clinical trial evaluating the effects of omega-3 fatty acids among septic patients with intestinal dysfunction: A pilot study [J]. Exp Ther Med, 2017, 14(2): 1505-1511.
|
| 71 |
Stanojcic M, Finnerty CC, Jeschke MG. Anabolic and anticatabolic agents in critical care [J]. Curr Opin Crit Care, 2016, 22(4): 325-331.
|
| 72 |
Pereira CT, Jeschke MG, Herndon DN. Beta-blockade in burns [J]. Novartis Found Symp, 2007, 280: 238-248.
|
| 73 |
Hundeshagen G, Blears E, Mertin V, et al. Administration and effects of beta blockers and oxandrolone in severely burned adults: a post hoc analysis of the RE-ENERGIZE trial [J]. Burns Trauma, 2024, 12: tkad063.
|
| 74 |
Cheema SA, Ahmed UT, Nasir H, et al. Effects of propranolol in accelerating wound healing and attenuation of hypermetabolism in adult burn patients [J]. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak, 2020, 30(1): 46-50.
|
| 75 |
Apple CG, Miller ES, Loftus TJ, et al. Effect of beta-blockade on the expression of regulatory microRNA after severe trauma and chronic stress [J]. J Am Coll Surg, 2020, 230(1): 121-129.
|
| 76 |
Rodgers BD, Ward CW. Myostatin/activin receptor ligands in muscle and the development status of attenuating drugs [J]. Endocr Rev, 2022, 43(2): 329-365.
|
| 77 |
Foster MA, Taylor AE, Hill NE, et al. Mapping the steroid response to major trauma from injury to recovery: a prospective cohort study [J]. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2020, 105(3): 925-937.
|
| 78 |
Wischmeyer PE, Suman OE, Kozar R, et al. Role of anabolic testosterone agents and structured exercise to promote recovery in ICU survivors [J]. Curr Opin Crit Care, 2020, 26(5): 508-515.
|
| 79 |
Stevenson R, Bishop DG, Rodseth RN. A review of the role of testosterone in the care of the critically ill patient [J]. South Afr J Crit Care, 2024, 40(1): e1303.
|
| 80 |
Li H, Guo Y, Yang Z, et al. The efficacy and safety of oxandrolone treatment for patients with severe burns: a systematic review and meta-analysis [J]. Burns, 2016, 42(4): 717-727.
|
| 81 |
Mohan D, Rossiter H, Watz H, et al. Selective androgen receptor modulation for muscle weakness in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomised control trial [J]. Thorax, 2023, 78(3): 258-266.
|
| 82 |
王玲玲,陈蕊,董家辉,等. 慢重症患者的营养支持策略[J]. 中华危重病急救医学, 2021, 33(3): 381-384.
|
| 83 |
Zhang Z, Guo Q, Yang Z, et al. Bifidobacterium adolescentis-derived nicotinic acid improves host skeletal muscle mitochondrial function to ameliorate sarcopenia [J]. Cell Rep, 2025, 44(2): 115265.
|
| 84 |
Viana MV, Becce F, Pantet O, et al. Impact of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on muscle loss and protein metabolism in critically ill patients: a RCT [J]. Clin Nutr, 2021, 40(8): 4878-4887.
|
| 85 |
Yang C, Song Y, Li T, et al. Effects of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate supplementation on older adults with sarcopenia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study [J]. J Nutr Health Aging, 2023, 27(5): 329-339.
|
| 86 |
Wittholz K, Fetterplace K, Karahalios A, et al. Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate supplementation and functional outcomes in multitrauma patients: a pilot randomized controlled trial [J]. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr, 2023, 47(8): 983-992.
|
| 87 |
Chen YH, Hsiao HF, Li LF, et al. Effects of electrical muscle stimulation in subjects undergoing prolonged mechanical ventilation [J]. Respir Care, 2019, 64(3): 262-271.
|
| 88 |
Dong Z, Liu Y, Gai Y, et al. Early rehabilitation relieves diaphragm dysfunction induced by prolonged mechanical ventilation: a randomised control study [J]. BMC Pulm Med, 2021, 21(1): 106.
|
| 89 |
Wappel S, Tran DH, Wells CL, et al. The effect of high protein and mobility-based rehabilitation on clinical outcomes in survivors of critical illness [J]. Respir Care, 2021, 66(1): 73-78.
|
| 90 |
Barth I, Beumeler LFE, Nahar-van Venrooij L, et al. The effect of protein provision and exercise therapy on patient-reported and clinical outcomes in intensive care unit survivors: a systematic review [J]. J Hum Nutr Diet, 2023, 36(5): 1727-1740.
|