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中华重症医学电子杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (04) : 418 -424. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2096-1537.2025.04.014

病例报告

舒巴坦-度洛巴坦治疗慢加急性肝衰竭患者肝移植术后肺部感染一例
李嘉璐1, 罗芮芮1, 张祎2, 聂云飞1, 胡萨萨3, 冶春娟1, 李治秦1, 李海燕1, 孙园园1, 林婷1, 王文静1,()   
  1. 1 710061 西安,西安交通大学第一附属医院外科重症医学科
    2 710061 西安,西安交通大学第一附属医院检验科
    3 710061 西安,西安交通大学第一附属医院药学部
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-08 出版日期:2025-11-28
  • 通信作者: 王文静
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82500803)

Successful treatment of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii pulmonary infection with Sulbactam-Durlobactam in a liver transplant recipient with acute-on-chronic liver failure: a case report

Jialu Li1, Ruirui Luo1, Yi Zhang2, Yunfei Nie1, Sasa Hu3, Chunjuan Ye1, Zhiqin Li1, Haiyan Li1, Yuanyuan Sun1, Ting Lin1, Wenjing Wang1,()   

  1. 1 Department of Surgical Critical Care, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
    2 Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
    3 Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
  • Received:2025-09-08 Published:2025-11-28
  • Corresponding author: Wenjing Wang
引用本文:

李嘉璐, 罗芮芮, 张祎, 聂云飞, 胡萨萨, 冶春娟, 李治秦, 李海燕, 孙园园, 林婷, 王文静. 舒巴坦-度洛巴坦治疗慢加急性肝衰竭患者肝移植术后肺部感染一例[J/OL]. 中华重症医学电子杂志, 2025, 11(04): 418-424.

Jialu Li, Ruirui Luo, Yi Zhang, Yunfei Nie, Sasa Hu, Chunjuan Ye, Zhiqin Li, Haiyan Li, Yuanyuan Sun, Ting Lin, Wenjing Wang. Successful treatment of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii pulmonary infection with Sulbactam-Durlobactam in a liver transplant recipient with acute-on-chronic liver failure: a case report[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Critical Care & Intensive Care Medicine(Electronic Edition), 2025, 11(04): 418-424.

慢加急性肝衰竭(ACLF)患者肝移植术后耐碳青霉烯鲍曼不动杆菌(CRAB)发生率高,影响术后早期生存率。本文报道我院1例首次应用舒巴坦-度洛巴坦(SUL-DUR)治疗ACLF肝移植术后患者CRAB肺部感染患者。治疗前后患者支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)宏基因组学二代测序技术(NGS)显示CRAB序列数量级下降,且治疗4 d后BALF标本核酸检测(如聚合酶链反应)及培养结果CRAB均转阴,后续多次送检BALF培养也未出现CRAB复阳。结果表现出良好的临床效果、影像学改善以及微生物清除,短时间遏制了CRAB感染导致的肺部感染加重,同时能够在感染控制后早期实现免疫抑制治疗。进一步行联合药敏试验,结果显示其与头孢吡肟有协同作用,而与亚胺培南-西司他丁无协同作用。可见SUL-DUR对肝移植术后CRAB肺部感染具有显著疗效,可为后续同类患者的治疗提供参考。

Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) infection is associated with reduced early postoperative survival among liver transplant recipients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). We report the first case at our center in which Sulbactam-Durlobactam (SUL-DUR) was successfully used to treat a CRAB pulmonary infection patient with ACLF following liver transplantation. After initiating SUL-DUR therapy, next-generation sequencing (NGS) demonstrated a progressive decline in CRAB sequence counts. By day 4, CRAB-specific PCR of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) returned negative, and CRAB was undetectable in subsequent BALF cultures. The treatment demonstrated favorable clinical efficacy, with notable radiological improvement and rapid microbial eradication. SUL-DUR not only rapidly controlled the progression of CRAB-induced pulmonary infection, but also facilitated the early initiation of immunosuppressive therapy. Subsequent in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed synergy between SUL-DUR and cefepime, though no such synergy was observed with imipenem. This case underscores the promising role of SUL-DUR in managing post-transplant CRAB pneumonia, especially in high-risk patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure. Our findings may provide a valuable reference for optimizing therapeutic strategies in similar clinical cases.

图1 术后抗生素方案
图2 术后多次支气管镜下表现。D1、D2为术后第1、2天支气管镜下见气管及支气管各段黏膜糜烂,附着白色伪膜,散在点状出血点,质脆易出血,双肺下叶大-中量灰白色脓性分泌物;D7、D10为术后第7、10天支气管镜下见气道黏膜糜烂减轻,未见伪膜,分泌物集中在双肺背段;D14为术后第14天支气管镜下见气道黏膜无糜烂、水肿,仅右肺下叶背段少量黄白色分泌物,左肺下叶可见出血点
表1 术后不同标本类型鲍曼不动杆菌分离株的培养及抗菌药物敏感度[MIC(μg/mL)/敏感度]
表2 BALF样本中鲍曼不动杆菌分离株药耐药基因检测
表3 舒巴坦-度洛巴坦联合药敏情况
图3 术后多项感染指标及器官功能指标随时间的动态变化 注:WBC 为白细胞;NEU 为中性粒细胞;NEU% 为中性粒细胞百分比;PLT 为血小板;LYM 为淋巴细胞;IL-6 为白介素 - 6;PCT 为降钙素原;CRP 为 C 反应蛋白;P/F 为氧合指数;ALT 为丙氨酸氨基转移酶;AST 为天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶;TBil 为总胆红素;DBil 为直接胆红素;BLAF 为细菌脂酶结合蛋白;GM 为半乳甘露聚糖
表4 术后免疫抑制方案及调整
图4 术后连续液体管理与肾功能指标变化 注:CRRT为连续性肾脏替代治疗
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