依拉环素治疗神经重症免疫抑制合并耐碳青霉烯类鲍曼不动杆菌肺炎患者的临床分析
Copy editor: 卫轲
收稿日期: 2024-01-02
网络出版日期: 2024-03-22
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Clinical analysis of Eravacycline in the treatment of patients with severe immunosuppression combined with Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii pneumonia
Received date: 2024-01-02
Online published: 2024-03-22
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探讨依拉环素治疗神经重症免疫抑制合并耐碳青霉烯类鲍曼不动杆菌(CRAB)肺炎的效果和安全性。
回顾性分析2023年7月至12月中山大学附属第一医院神经内科ICU收治的3例因原发疾病使用免疫抑制剂,后合并CRAB肺炎的神经重症患者的临床资料,包括临床特征、生化指标、细菌培养及药敏试验结果、抗菌药物种类、治疗前后的影像学资料及急性生理学和慢性健康状况评价(APACHE Ⅱ)评分,评估患者临床疗效、用药不良反应等。
3例患者中女性1例,男性2例,年龄52~60岁。分别在肺泡灌洗液、痰液、咽拭子标本中检出鲍曼不动杆菌,药敏试验均提示碳青霉烯类抗生素耐药。经依拉环素治疗后患者APACHE Ⅱ评分、临床表现、炎症指标、影像学检查等均明显好转。未发现依拉环素治疗相关不良反应。
依拉环素对CRAB引起的肺炎具有良好的疗效和安全性。
关键词: 耐碳青霉烯类鲍曼不动杆菌; 多重耐药菌感染肺炎; 依拉环素
常佳 , 赖蓉 , 廖康 , 冯黎 , 孙逊沙 , 冯慧宇 , 周鸿雁 . 依拉环素治疗神经重症免疫抑制合并耐碳青霉烯类鲍曼不动杆菌肺炎患者的临床分析[J]. 中华重症医学电子杂志, 2024 : 1 -7 . DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2096-1537.2024.03.18-0001
To investigate the efficacy and safety of Eravacycline in the treatment of severe immunosuppression complicated with Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) pneumonia.
The clinical data of 3 patients with severe neurological conditions admitted to Department of Neurology ICU of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from July 2023 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. They were treated with immunosuppressants due to the primary disease and subsequently combined with CRAB pneumonia. Clinical characteristics, biochemical indexes, bacterial culture and drug sensitivity test results, antibacterial drug types, imaging data before and after treatment and APACHE Ⅱ score of patients were collected to evaluate clinical efficacy and adverse drug reactions of patients.
Among the 3 patients, 1 was female and 2 were male, aged 52-60 years. Acinetobacter baumannii was detected in alveolar lavage fluid, sputum and pharyngeal swab samples, and drug sensitivity test indicated Carbapenem antibiotic resistance. After treatment with Eravacycline, APACHE II scores, clinical manifestations, inflammatory indicators, and imaging examinations were significantly improved. No adverse reactions associated with Eravacycline were found.
Eravacycline has good efficacy and safety in the treatment of pneumonia caused by CRAB.
表1 3株鲍曼不动杆菌体外药敏结果(MIC,μg/ml) |
抗生素 | 1号菌 | 2号菌 | 3号菌 |
---|---|---|---|
黏菌素 | ≤0.5(S) | ≤0.5(S) | ≤0.5(S) |
替加环素 | 4(I) | 1(S) | 2(S) |
米诺环素 | 8(I) | 4(I) | 8(I) |
依拉环素 | 0.125(S) | - | 0.25(S) |
亚胺培南 | ≥16(R) | ≥16(R) | ≥16(R) |
美罗培南 | ≥16(R) | ≥16(R) | ≥16(R) |
注:MIC值为最低抑菌浓度,S=敏感,I=中介,R=耐药 |
表2 3例患者治疗前后感染指标及相关评分变化情况 |
患者 | CRP(mg/L) | PCT(ng/dl) | WBC(×109/L) | NEUT% | NEUT#(×109/L) | APACHEⅡ评分 | 氧合指数(mmHg) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
病例1 | 治疗前 | 103.78 | 80 | 12.19 | 94 | 17.70 | 18 | 190 |
治疗后 | 48.20 | 54 | 10.52 | 77 | 8.06 | 16 | 245 | |
病例2 | 治疗前 | 62.60 | 105 | 8.02 | 90 | 10.36 | 17 | 220 |
治疗后 | 4.23 | 19 | 6.33 | 91 | 6.08 | 14 | 260 | |
病例3 | 治疗前 | 17.89 | 21 | 9.29 | 94 | 6.34 | 10 | 182 |
治疗后 | 6.10 | 6 | 5.87 | 88 | 5.32 | 3 | 310 |
注:治疗前为应用依拉环素前1 d,治疗后为停用依拉环素后1 d。CRP为C反应蛋白;PCT为降钙素原;WBC为白细胞计数;NEUT%为中性分叶粒细胞百分比;NEUT#为中性分叶粒细胞绝对值;APACHEⅡ为急性生理学和慢性健康状况评价;1 mmHg=0.133 kPa |
表3 3例患者治疗前后肝肾功能对比 |
患者 | 肝功能 | 肾功能 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ALT(U/L) | AST(U/L) | r-GGT(U/L) | 总胆红素(μmol/L) | BUN(mmol/L) | Cr(μmol/L) | ||
病例1 | 治疗前 | 24 | 39 | 123 | 9.2 | 13.2 | 12 |
治疗后 | 47 | 58 | 118 | 8.1 | 14.1 | 16 | |
病例2 | 治疗前 | 209 | 274 | 117 | 15.1 | 13.7 | 50 |
治疗后 | 187 | 64 | 164 | 10.5 | 10.6 | 32 | |
病例3 | 治疗前 | 40 | 57 | 96 | 17.2 | 10.6 | 29 |
治疗后 | 93 | 106 | 174 | 10.9 | 9.2 | 19 |
注:治疗前为应用依拉环素前1 d,治疗后为停用依拉环素后1 d。ALT为丙氨酸氨基转移酶;AST为天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶;γ-GGT为γ-谷氨酰转移酶;BUN为尿素氮;Cr为肌酐 |
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