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中华重症医学电子杂志 ›› 2018, Vol. 04 ›› Issue (02) : 147 -152. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2096-1537.2018.02.009

所属专题: 文献

重症神经

重症脑损伤患者应用小潮气量通气的回顾性观察研究
王玉1, 陈静然2, 王玉妹2, 史中华2, 周建新2,()   
  1. 1. 100050 首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院中心ICU;054001 邢台市人民医院ICU
    2. 100050 首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院中心ICU
  • 收稿日期:2018-02-12 出版日期:2018-05-28
  • 通信作者: 周建新

Low tidal volume ventilation in severe brain injury patients: a retrospective observational study

Yu Wang1, Jingran Chen2, Yumei Wang2, Zhonghua Shi2, Jianxin Zhou2,()   

  1. 1. Department of Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Intensive Care Unit, Xingtai People′s Hospital, Xingtai 054001, China
    2. Department of Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
  • Received:2018-02-12 Published:2018-05-28
  • Corresponding author: Jianxin Zhou
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Zhou Jianxin, Email:
引用本文:

王玉, 陈静然, 王玉妹, 史中华, 周建新. 重症脑损伤患者应用小潮气量通气的回顾性观察研究[J/OL]. 中华重症医学电子杂志, 2018, 04(02): 147-152.

Yu Wang, Jingran Chen, Yumei Wang, Zhonghua Shi, Jianxin Zhou. Low tidal volume ventilation in severe brain injury patients: a retrospective observational study[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Critical Care & Intensive Care Medicine(Electronic Edition), 2018, 04(02): 147-152.

目的

观察重症脑损伤患者机械通气时的小潮气量(VT)设置。

方法

回顾性收集2015年9月至2017年9月期间收治于首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院综合和神经重症监护病房(ICU)的重症脑损伤且机械通气时间>24 h的患者。通过电子病历和电子护理单系统采集人口学和疾病相关资料,以及每日8:00及19:00两个时间点的机械通气相关参数,包括机械通气模式、呼吸机参数、临近时间的动脉血气分析。根据预计体重计算VT,通过时间加权方法求得每例患者在整个机械通气过程中的平均VT

结果

纳入185例患者共采集到2082个时间点的数据。中位VT为7.9(7.0,9.1)ml/kg。VT≥8 ml/kg的时间点为1027,占49.3%。容量目标模式的VT明显低于压力目标模式,分别为7.3(6.8,8.4)ml/kg和8.2(7.0,9.7)ml/kg(Z=-10.098,P<0.001)。时间加权平均VT为8<ml/kg和≥8 ml/kg的分别为77例(41.6%)和108例(58.4%)。与时间加权平均VT<8 ml/kg的患者相比,VT≥8 ml/kg的患者中,颅脑肿瘤术后以及初始应用压力支持通气模式的占比高,分别为82例(75.9%) vs 41例(53.2%)(χ2=10.376,P=0.001)和58例(53.7%) vs 28例(36.4%)(χ2=5.433,P=0.02),且具有明显升高的初始VT:8.8(8.2,11.0)ml/kg vs 7.6(6.7,8.8)ml/kg (Z=-7.345,P<0.001)。

结论

重症脑损伤患者在接受机械通气过程中,约半数时间的VT设置过高。这类患者的肺保护性通气,应引起关注。

Objective

To investigate application of small tidal volume (VT) ventilation in severe brain injury patients.

Methods

Data of mechanical ventilation were retrospective collected in brain injury patients who were admitted to the general and neurological intensive care unit of Beijing Tiantan Hospital affiliated to the Capital Medical University and mechanically ventilated over 48 hours. Daily ventilation parameters at 8 o′clock am and 7 o′clock pm were collected from electronic medical and nursing information systems. VT per predicted body weight was calculated and averaged during the entire mechanically ventilated period using a time-weighted method.

Results

From Sep. 2015 to Sep. 2017, 185 patients were enrolled and data at 2082 time points were collected. The median (interquartile range) VT was 7.9 (7.0, 9.1) ml/kg PBW. There were 1027 (49.3%) time points at which VT was higher or equal to 8 ml/kg PBW. VT settings were significantly lower in volume-targeted modes [7.3 (6.8, 8.4) ml/kg PBW] than those in pressure-targeted modes [8.2 (7.0, 9.7) ml/kg PBW] (Z=-10.098, P<0.001). There were 77 (41.6%) patients whose time-weighted average VT were lower than 8 ml/kg PBW and 108 (58.4%) patients higher than or equal to 8 ml/kg PBW. Compared to patients with lower time-weighted average VT, more patients were post-operative for brain tumor [82 (75.9%) vs 41 (53.2%), χ2=10.376, P=0.001], ventilated with pressure support mode[58 (53.7%) vs 28 (36.4%), χ2=5.433, P=0.02] and with higher initial VT in higher time-weighted average VT [8.8 (8.2,11.0) ml/kg vs 7.6 (6.7,8.8) ml/kg, Z=-7.345, P<0.001].

Conclusion

Approximately half of the severe brain injury patients in this trial received non-protective VT. More attention should be paid to this population.

表1 纳入重症脑损伤患者的人口学和临床特征以及转归
表2 全部时间采集点的机械通气模式、参数及动脉血气结果
图1 不同机械通气模式时的VT
表3 时间加权平均VT相关结果
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