妊娠期间肾动脉瘤（RAA）破裂是一种非常罕见的产科急症，常导致孕妇和胎儿的死亡。及时诊断RAA破裂是救治的关键，但因其缺乏特征性症状和体征，临床上常常延误诊断甚至误诊，尤其在产程中分娩疼痛可能导致症状被掩盖而增加及时诊断的难度。由此可见，如何在产程中或至少产后早期及时发现RAA破裂是对临床医师的重大挑战。到目前为止，产程中RAA破裂相关个案报道极其少见，本文报告1例产程中发生、产后延迟诊断的RAA破裂病例，并通过系统文献复习，分析产程中RAA破裂的诊断要点以及相关干预对策。

Renal artery aneurysm (RAA) rupture during pregnancy is an extremely rare emergency with a high mortality rate for both mother and fetus. A timely diagnosis is crucial for management of RAA rupture. However, lack of typical clinical manifestations of RAA rapture often lead to a diagnosis delay or even misdiagnosis. Significantly, diagnoses of RAA rupture is more complex in laboring owing to labor pain, that therefore becomes a big challenge for clinicians. Up to now, RAA rupture in labor has been rarely reported. This paper reports a case occurred in laboring largely but diagnosed delay in postpartum, and analyzes the key points for timely diagnosis and management strategies of RAA rupture in labor through systematic literature review.