2023年5月美国危重病学会针对ICU中成人急性肝衰竭（ALF）和急性-慢性肝衰竭（ACLF）的神经病学、围移植期、感染病和胃肠病病情评估和管理策略，综合了最新的临床相关研究，发布了临床管理指南，提出了28条具有临床实践价值的推荐意见及核心观点，对指导ICU中成人ALF和ACLF诊疗实践具有重要的临床价值。本文通过解读该指南，以期推动临床医师尤其是重症医师深入理解与科学运用该指南。

In May 2023, the American Society of Critical Care evaluated the neurology, peritransplant, infectious and gastrointestinal disease of acute liver failure (ALF) and acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) in ICU, integrated the latest clinical relevant studies, issued clinical management guidelines, put forward 28 recommendations and core points with clinical practice value, which has important clinical value in guiding the diagnosis and treatment practice of ALF and ACLF in ICU. By interpreting the guide, this paper encourages clinicians, especially critical care physicians, to deeply understand and apply the guide scientifically.