| 1 |
Cecconi M，De Backer D，Antonelli M，et al. Consensus on circulatory shock and hemodynamic monitoring. Task force of the european society of intensive care medicine ［J］. Intensive Care Med，2014，40（12）：1795-1815.
|
| 2 |
Reintam Blaser A，Starkopf J，Alhazzani W，et al. Early enteral nutrition in critically ill patients：Esicm clinical practice guidelines ［J］.Intensive Care Med，2017，43（3）：380-398.
|
| 3 |
Patel JJ，Rice T，Heyland DK. Safety and outcomes of early enteral nutrition in circulatory shock ［J］. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr，2020，44（5）：779-784.
|
| 4 |
Bala M，Catena F，Kashuk J，et al. Acute mesenteric ischemia：Updated guidelines of the world society of emergency surgery ［J］. World J Emerg Surg，2022，17（1）：54.
|
| 5 |
Compher C，Bingham AL，McCall M，et al. Guidelines for the provision of nutrition support therapy in the adult critically ill patient：The american society for parenteral and enteral nutrition ［J］. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr，2022，46（1）：12-41.
|
| 6 |
Rosenblum JD，Boyle CM，Schwartz LB. The mesenteric circulation.Anatomy and physiology ［J］. Surg Clin North Am，1997，77（2）：289-306.
|
| 7 |
Granger DN，Holm L，Kvietys P. The gastrointestinal circulation：Physiology and pathophysiology ［J］. Compr Physiol，2015，5（3）：1541-1583.
|
| 8 |
Toung T，Reilly PM，Fuh KC，et al. Mesenteric vasoconstriction in response to hemorrhagic shock ［J］. Shock，2000，13（4）：267-273.
|
| 9 |
Al-Diery H，Phillips A，Evennett N，et al. The pathogenesis of nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia：implications for research and clinical practice ［J］. J Intensive Care Med，2019，34（10）：771-781.
|
| 10 |
Kolkman JJ，Mensink PB. Non-occlusive mesenteric ischaemia：a common disorder in gastroenterology and intensive care ［J］. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol，2003，17（3）：457-473.
|
| 11 |
Bala M，Kashuk J，Moore EE，et al. Acute mesenteric ischemia：Guidelines of the world society of emergency surgery ［J］. World J Emerg Surg，2017，12（38.
|
| 12 |
Malbrain M，Martin G，Ostermann M. Everything you need to know about deresuscitation ［J］. Intensive Care Med，2022，48（12）：1781-1786.
|
| 13 |
Granger HJ，Norris CP. Intrinsic regulation of intestinal oxygenation in the anesthetized dog ［J］. Am J Physiol，1980，238（6）：H836-843.
|
| 14 |
Malbrain M，De Keulenaer BL，Khanna AK. Continuous intraabdominal pressure：is it ready for prime time？ ［J］. Intensive Care Med，2022，48（10）：1501-1504.
|
| 15 |
Clark JA，Coopersmith CM. Intestinal crosstalk：a new paradigm for understanding the gut as the “motor” of critical illness ［J］. Shock，2007，28（4）：384-393.
|
| 16 |
Schorghuber M，Fruhwald S. Effects of enteral nutrition on gastrointestinal function in patients who are critically ill ［J］. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol，2018，3（4）：281-287.
|
| 17 |
Wischmeyer PE. Overcoming challenges to enteral nutrition delivery in critical care ［J］. Curr Opin Crit Care，2021，27（2）：169-176.
|
| 18 |
Wozniak H，Beckmann TS，Frohlich L，et al. The central and biodynamic role of gut microbiota in critically ill patients ［J］. Crit Care，2022，26（1）：250.
|
| 19 |
Zheng L，Kelly CJ，Colgan SP. Physiologic hypoxia and oxygen homeostasis in the healthy intestine. A review in the theme：cellular responses to hypoxia ［J］. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol，2015，309（6）：C350-360.
|
| 20 |
Gatt M，MacFie J，Anderson AD，et al. Changes in superior mesenteric artery blood flow after oral，enteral，and parenteral feeding in humans［J］. Crit Care Med，2009，37（1）：171-176.
|
| 21 |
Revelly JP，Tappy L，Berger MM，et al. Early metabolic and splanchnic responses to enteral nutrition in postoperative cardiac surgery patients with circulatory compromise ［J］. Intensive Care Med，2001，27（3）：540-547.
|
| 22 |
Piton G，Le Gouge A，Boisrame-Helms J，et al. Factors associated with acute mesenteric ischemia among critically ill ventilated patients with shock：a post hoc analysis of the NUTRIREA-2 trial ［J］. Intensive Care Med，2022，48（4）：458-466.
|
| 23 |
Schmidt H，Hoyer D，Wilhelm J，et al. The alteration of autonomic function in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome ［J］. Crit Care Clin，2008，24（1）：149-163，ix.
|
| 24 |
Plummer MP，Kar P，Cousins CE，et al. Critical illness is associated with impaired gallbladder emptying as assessed by 3d ultrasound ［J］.Crit Care Med，2016，44（9）：e790-796.
|
| 25 |
Deane A，Chapman MJ，Fraser RJ，et al. Bench-to-bedside review：the gut as an endocrine organ in the critically ill ［J］. Crit Care，2010，14（5）：228.
|
| 26 |
Rowan MP，Beckman DJ，Rizzo JA，et al. Elevations in growth hormone and glucagon-like peptide-2 levels on admission are associated with increased mortality in trauma patients ［J］. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med，2016，24（1）：119.
|
| 27 |
Bourcier S，Klug J，Nguyen LS. Non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia：diagnostic challenges and perspectives in the era of artificial intelligence ［J］. World J Gastroenterol，2021，27（26）：4088-4103.
|
| 28 |
Bourcier S，Oudjit A，Goudard G，et al. Diagnosis of non-occlusive acute mesenteric ischemia in the intensive care unit ［J］. Ann Intensive Care，2016，6（1）：112.
|
| 29 |
Clair DG，Beach JM. Mesenteric ischemia ［J］. N Engl J Med，2016，374（10）：959-968.
|
| 30 |
Guillaume A，Pili-Floury S，Chocron S，et al. Acute mesenteric ischemia among postcardiac surgery patients presenting with multiple organ failure ［J］. Shock，2017，47（3）：296-302.
|
| 31 |
Wong A，Yusuf GT，Malbrain M. Future developments in the imaging of the gastrointestinal tract：The role of ultrasound ［J］. Curr Opin Crit Care，2021，27（2）：147-156.
|
| 32 |
Nuzzo A，Guedj K，Curac S，et al. Accuracy of citrulline，I-FABP and d-lactate in the diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia ［J］. Sci Rep，2021，11（1）：18929.
|
| 33 |
Zogheib E，Cosse C，Sabbagh C，et al. Biological scoring system for early prediction of acute bowel ischemia after cardiac surgery：The palm score ［J］. Ann Intensive Care，2018，8（1）：46.
|
| 34 |
Teng J，Ⅹiang L，Long H，et al. The serum citrulline and D-lactate are associated with gastrointestinal dysfunction and failure in critically ill patients ［J］. Int J Gen Med，2021，14（4125-4134.
|
| 35 |
Bechtold ML，Brown PM，Escuro A，et al. When is enteral nutrition indicated？ ［J］. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr，2022，46（7）：1470-1496.
|
| 36 |
Reintam Blaser A，Preiser JC，Fruhwald S，et al. Gastrointestinal dysfunction in the critically ill：a systematic scoping review and research agenda proposed by the section of metabolism，endocrinology and nutrition of the european society of intensive care medicine ［J］.Crit Care，2020，24（1）：224.
|
| 37 |
Rokyta R，Jr.，Matejovic M，Krouzecky A，et al. Post-pyloric enteral nutrition in septic patients：effects on hepato-splanchnic hemodynamics and energy status ［J］. Intensive Care Med，2004，30（4）：714-717.
|
| 38 |
Schulz G，Weiss M，Bauersfeld U，et al. Liver tissue oxygenation as measured by near-infrared spectroscopy in the critically ill child in correlation with central venous oxygen saturation ［J］. Intensive Care Med，2002，28（2）：184-189.
|