Renal artery aneurysm (RAA) rupture during pregnancy is an extremely rare emergency with a high mortality rate for both mother and fetus. A timely diagnosis is crucial for management of RAA rupture. However, lack of typical clinical manifestations of RAA rapture often lead to a diagnosis delay or even misdiagnosis. Significantly, diagnoses of RAA rupture is more complex in laboring owing to labor pain, that therefore becomes a big challenge for clinicians. Up to now, RAA rupture in labor has been rarely reported. This paper reports a case occurred in laboring largely but diagnosed delay in postpartum, and analyzes the key points for timely diagnosis and management strategies of RAA rupture in labor through systematic literature review.