Abstract:

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an immune-mediated acute inflammatory polyneuropathy, characterized by its acute onset.This patient presented with symptoms of fever and cough following an upper respiratory tract infection two weeks before the onset of the disease, which gradually progressed to sensory disturbances in the distal extremities and flaccid weakness in the lower limbs.Routine cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis and biochemical tests revealed the phenomenon of cytoalbuminological dissociation.The condition rapidly evolved to involve the respiratory muscles, leading to respiratory failure and hypoxemia, necessitating mechanical ventilation.CT scan of the patient’s chest demonstrated diffuse alveolar infiltrates, consistent with a diagnosis of GBS complicated by severe acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).Despite early treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin and plasmapheresis at another facility with suboptimal outcomes and rapidly deteriorating condition, manifesting respiratory failure and symptoms of ARDS, in this case, we continued treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin in conjunction with Eculizumab.This approach effectively controlled the ARDS, led to a swift recovery of muscle strength, and progressively improved respiratory function and oxygenation indices, ultimately allowing for the successful weaning from mechanical ventilation support.

Key words: Guillain-Barré syndrome, Eculizumab, Viral pneumonia, Acute respiratory distress syndrome