Protective effect of hyperbaric oxygen to thecognitive impairment caused by severe heatstroke in a rat model

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2096-1537.2018.04.011

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective

To investigate the protective effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on the cognitive impairment caused by severe heat stroke (HS).

Methods

60 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided to the control group, the HS group, the HBO group, the hyperbaric air (HBA) group, the HS+ HBO group and HS+ HBA group, each group had 10 rats. The rats were exposed to 40℃ heat chamber. When the core temperature reached 42℃, they were taken out as the onset of severe heatstroke. Rats in HS+ HBO and HBO groups were placed in the hyperbaric chambers with pure oxygen at 2.5ATA for 60 min while HS+ HBA and HBA rats were placed with air. Cognitive functions were tested by Morris water maze. The pathology of hippocampus, neurological function scoreand the mortality rates were evaluated among different groups.

Results

The escape latency time and distance was significantly increased in the HS group compared with control group [(45.84±0.13) s vs (22.16±1.40) s, t=-2.4, P=0.04; (815.7±36.8) cm vs (177.71±21.00) cm, t=-3.3, P=0.01]; the number of platform-crossing and the activity time of target quadrant was significantly reduced in the HS group compared with control [(1.90±0.16) times vs (5.80±0.20) times, t=3.7, P=0.04; (32.12±0.19)% vs (57.12±1.60)%, t=2.8, P=0.020]. HBO reduced the escape latency time [(30.21±1.50) s] and distance [(165.58±7.04) cm] significantly, and HBO increased the number of platform-crossing [(4.40±0.18) times] and the activity time of target quadrant [(41.87±1.17)%] significantly. HBO alleviated the injury to hippocampus in pathological observation, reduced the mNSS scores 2 and 24 hours after HS [2 h: (7.70±0.42) scores vs (9.60±0.31) scores, t=6.3, P=0.00; 24 h: (3.90±0.20) scores vs (5.60±0.23) scores, t=2.4, P=0.02] and the mortality rate of HS (20.0% vs 40.0%, P=0.08). There was no significant change in HS+ HBA group compared with HS group, and there was no significant changes in HBO group and HBA group compared with Control group.

Conclusion

HBO may alleviate the cognitive impairment which caused by HS through the protective effects of hippocampus.

Key words: Severe heat stroke, Hyperbaric oxygen, Brain injury, Cognitive dysfunction

Xiaoxiao Ni, Zhifeng Liu, Zheying Liu, Ronghao Yu, Lei Su. Protective effect of hyperbaric oxygen to thecognitive impairment caused by severe heatstroke in a rat model[J]. Chinese Journal of Critical Care & Intensive Care Medicine(Electronic Edition), 2018, 04(04): 347-353.

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URL: https://icu.cma-cmc.com.cn/EN/10.3877/cma.j.issn.2096-1537.2018.04.011

https://icu.cma-cmc.com.cn/EN/Y2018/V04/I04/347

Figures/Tables 7

References 25

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试验			评分
运动试验
	提尾试验		3
		前肢屈曲	1
		后肢屈曲	1
		头部在30 s内偏离垂直轴>100	1
	将大鼠放置于地板上（正常值=0；最大值=3）		3
		正常行走	0
		不能直线行走	1
		向轻瘫侧转圈	2
		向轻瘫侧倾倒	3
感觉试验			2
	放置试验（视觉和触觉测试）		1
	本体感觉试验（深感觉，向桌子边缘压鼠爪刺激肢体肌肉）		1
	平衡木试验（正常值=0；最大值=6）		6
	稳定平衡姿势		0
	紧抓平衡木边缘		1
	紧抱平衡木，一肢体从平衡木垂落		2
	紧抱平衡木，二肢体从平衡木垂落或在平衡木上旋转（>60 s）		3
	试图在平衡木上平衡但跌落（>40 s）		4
	试图在平衡木上平衡但跌落（>20 s）		5
	跌落；未尝试在平衡木上平衡（<20 s）		6
反射丧失和不正常运动			4
	耳廓反射（接触外耳道时摇头）		1
	角膜反射（用棉丝轻触角膜时眨眼）		1
	惊恐反射（对快弹硬纸板的噪音有运动反应）		1
癫病、肌阵挛、肌张力障碍			1
最高分数18

试验			评分
运动试验
	提尾试验		3
		前肢屈曲	1
		后肢屈曲	1
		头部在30 s内偏离垂直轴>100	1
	将大鼠放置于地板上（正常值=0；最大值=3）		3
		正常行走	0
		不能直线行走	1
		向轻瘫侧转圈	2
		向轻瘫侧倾倒	3
感觉试验			2
	放置试验（视觉和触觉测试）		1
	本体感觉试验（深感觉，向桌子边缘压鼠爪刺激肢体肌肉）		1
	平衡木试验（正常值=0；最大值=6）		6
	稳定平衡姿势		0
	紧抓平衡木边缘		1
	紧抱平衡木，一肢体从平衡木垂落		2
	紧抱平衡木，二肢体从平衡木垂落或在平衡木上旋转（>60 s）		3
	试图在平衡木上平衡但跌落（>40 s）		4
	试图在平衡木上平衡但跌落（>20 s）		5
	跌落；未尝试在平衡木上平衡（<20 s）		6
反射丧失和不正常运动			4
	耳廓反射（接触外耳道时摇头）		1
	角膜反射（用棉丝轻触角膜时眨眼）		1
	惊恐反射（对快弹硬纸板的噪音有运动反应）		1
癫病、肌阵挛、肌张力障碍			1
最高分数18

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