Abstract:

Sepsis has been a challenging clinical problem for a long time. Although reasonable treatment has been given to most sepsis patients, it is still difficult to reduce the 28-d death rate. However, with the improvement of medical standards and the related guidelines, the treatment of sepsis is becoming more refined and individualized, which effectively reduces the 28-d mortality rate in sepsis patients. However, follow-up data show that most of the patients in the ICU develop chronic critical illness (CCI). One of the typical types is persistent inflammation, immunosuppression, and catabolism syndrome (PICS). The average survival time of most PICS patients in the ICU is only 3-5 years after discharge. This bring us a new challenge, that is, how to reduce 28-day mortality while effectively improving the post-discharge survival rate. This article will review the new developments in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of PICS.

Key words: Persistent inflammation, immunosuppression, and catabolism syndrome, Pathophysiological mechanism, Immunization therapy, Nutritional support