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Chinese Journal of Critical Care & Intensive Care Medicine(Electronic Edition) ›› 2026, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (02): 147-153. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2096-1537.2026.02.009

• Clinical Researches • Previous Articles    

Impact of the red blood cell distribution width-to-albumin ratio on in-hospital mortality risk in patients with acute pancreatitis

Dongya Huang1,2, Chaoqun Hou1,2, Qiang Li1,2,()   

  1. 1 Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
    2 Department of Pancreas Center, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
  • Received:2025-06-13 Online:2026-05-28 Published:2026-06-18
  • Contact: Qiang Li

Abstract:

Objective

To explore the correlation between the red blood cell distribution width (RDW)-to-albumin (ALB) ratio (RAR) on the first day of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and the in-hospital mortality risk in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP), as well as its potential prognostic value.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed data from adult AP patients, aged ≥18 years, who were admitted to the ICU for the first time between January 2008 and December 2019 in the MIMIC-Ⅳ database. Only patients who had complete RDW and ALB measurements within the first 24 hours of ICU admission, and who did not have cirrhosis or nephrotic syndrome, were included. First-day vital signs, severity scores, and laboratory data were extracted, and the RAR was calculated as RDW/ALB. Multiple imputation and complete case analysis were used to handle missing values. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to assess the independent association between RAR and in-hospital mortality, and generalized additive models (GAM) and piecewise regression were applied to explore the nonlinear dose-response relationship.

Results

A total of 613 AP patients were included, with 333 males (54.3%) and an average age of (58.9±17.7) years. 89 patients (14.5%) died in the hospital. Univariate analysis showed a significant correlation between RAR and mortality risk (P<0.001). Multivariate Logistic regression revealed that for each 1 unit increase in RAR, the mortality risk increased by 45% (OR=1.45, 95% CI: 1.24-1.68, P<0.001). In unadjusted models, patients with a RAR≥5 had a 4.01-fold higher risk of death compared to those with RAR<5, which was reduced to 3.31-fold after adjustment for APS Ⅲ, SAPS Ⅱ, SOFA, and hemoglobin (all P<0.001). The GAM indicated a nonlinear relationship between RAR and mortality, and piecewise regression identified a threshold at 8.34; on the left side of the threshold, each 1 unit increase in RAR was associated with a 66% increase in in-hospital mortality risk (OR=1.66, 95% CI: 1.33-2.07, P<0.001), while no significant correlation was found on the right side (P=0.229).

Conclusion

In ICU patients with AP, RAR is independently associated with the in-hospital mortality risk in a nonlinear fashion, and it may be an effective tool for early risk stratification.

Key words: Acute pancreatitis, Serum albumin, Red blood cell distribution width, In-hospital mortality, Intensive care unit

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