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中华重症医学电子杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 07 ›› Issue (04) : 347 -354. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2096-1537.2021.04.011

重症医学研究

体外膜肺氧合技术治疗心功能不全的临床评估与荟萃分析
杨飞1, 王少华1, 陈壮1, 石辉1, 隆云2,()   
  1. 1. 024000 内蒙古医科大学赤峰临床医学院 赤峰市医院重症医学科
    2. 100730 中国医学科学院 北京协和医学院 北京协和医院重症医学科
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-28 出版日期:2021-11-28
  • 通信作者: 隆云

Clinical outcomes of heart dysfunction treated by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO): a meta-analysis

Fei Yang1, Shaohua Wang1, Zhuang Chen1, Hui Shi1, Yun Long2,()   

  1. 1. Department of Critical Care Medicine, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng Clinical Medical School of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Chifeng 024000, China
    2. Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
  • Received:2021-07-28 Published:2021-11-28
  • Corresponding author: Yun Long
引用本文:

杨飞, 王少华, 陈壮, 石辉, 隆云. 体外膜肺氧合技术治疗心功能不全的临床评估与荟萃分析[J]. 中华重症医学电子杂志, 2021, 07(04): 347-354.

Fei Yang, Shaohua Wang, Zhuang Chen, Hui Shi, Yun Long. Clinical outcomes of heart dysfunction treated by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO): a meta-analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Critical Care & Intensive Care Medicine(Electronic Edition), 2021, 07(04): 347-354.

目的

比较经由体外膜肺氧合(ECMO)治疗的心功能不全患者的临床结果。

方法

采用荟萃分析方法,通过计算机检索PubMed、the Cochrane Library、Embase、Web of Science等数据库,纳入符合入排标准的患者接受ECMO治疗的研究文献,检索时限为1970年1月1日至2020年12月31日。所有统计分析均采用Comprehensive Meta-Analysis statistical software,version 2.0软件进行。

结果

一共有18篇文献通过检索并纳入分析,共计729例受试者。荟萃分析显示,心功能不全患者接受ECMO治疗,合并1个月病死率为36.7%(95%CI:0.034~0.905),住院病死率为39.8%(95%CI:0.256~0.560),3个月存活率为72.8%(95%CI:0.621~0.814),6个月存活率为65.4%(95%CI:0.522~0.767),总存活率为67.4%(95%CI:0.485~0.820)。异质性分析显示,纳入的研究之间存在异质性。敏感度分析显示,荟萃分析结果不受个别研究过度影响。纳入文献无明显发表偏倚。

结论

心功能不全患者接受ECMO干预,3个月存活率超过7成,1年存活率超过6成,提示ECMO干预对心功能不全患者有一定的帮助。未来研究须进一步纳入对照性研究,并分析不同的辅助装置是否会对结果产生影响。

Objective

To compare the clinical outcomes of patients with heart dysfunction treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).

Methods

PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase and Web of Science were searched from January 1, 1970 to December 31, 2020. Statistical analysis were performed using comprehensive meta-analysis statistical software, version 2.0.

Results

After screening for the relevant studies, 18 studies with 729 patients meeting the inclusion criteria were ultimately included. The results of the meta-analysis revealed that in patients with heart dysfunction who received ECMO intervention, the 1-month mortality rate was 36.7% (95%CI: 0.034-0.905), and in-hospital mortality was 39.8% (95%CI: 0.256-0.560). In addition, 3-month survival rate was 72.8% (95%CI: 0.621-0.814), 6-month hospitalization survival rate was 65.4% (95%CI: 0.522-0.767), and overall survival rate was 67.4% (95%CI: 0.485-0.820). Substantial heterogeneity was observed, however, sensitivity analysis showed the combined estimates were robust. No obvious publication bias existed.

Conclusion

The mid-term survival rates of patients with heart dysfunction treating by ECMO are about 60%. Future studies based on controlled trials are warranted. Subgroup analyses by different ventricular assistant device are also suggested.

图1 文献筛选流程图
表1 纳入研究及患者的基本特征信息
研究者 年份 辅助装置 例数 年龄(岁) 男性比例[例(%)] 病死率 生存率
Djordjevic,I 2020 64 63±14 42(68) 1个月病死率88% -
Riebandt,J 2018 左心室辅助 32 52±14 27(84.4) 1个月病死率18.8%,住院病死率25% 1年生存率75%
den Uil,CA 2017 - 29 40±16 12(41) 3个月病死率38% 3个月生存率62%
Fischer,Q 2018 左心室辅助+右心室辅助 44 58.2±12.3 38(86) -

1、3、6个月生存率

88.4%,78.2%,66.1%

Shehab,S 2018 左心室辅助 112 51±14 90(80) - 1年生存率78%
Han,JJ 2018 左心室辅助 18 54±16 14(78) - 1年生存率77%
Leidenfrost,J 2016 左心室辅助+右心室辅助 12 45.6±16 - 1个月病死率8%

3、6个月、1年生存率

86%,63% and 54%

Schoenrath,F 2016 左心室辅助+双心室辅助 57 46.8±15.5 13(43.3) - 1、2、4年生存率6.8%,32.2% and 29.8%
Acheampong,B 2016 24 41(22~75) 14(58.3) 住院病死率54% 住院生存率 46%
Noly,PE 2014 左心室辅助 8 50.8±9.9 5(62.5) 病死率50.00% -
Scherer,M 2011 左心室辅助 10 53±10 9(90) - 总生存率60%
Chou,NK 2010 - 14 - - - 总生存率69.2%
Bautista-Hernandez,V 2009 26 0.12(0~193)* 18(69) - 住院生存率62%
Luo,XJ 2009 45 49.0±14.1 34(76) 住院病死率42% 住院生存率58%
Scherer,M 2009 左心室辅助 5 47±11 4(80) - 总生存率80%
Liu,KS 2009 14 55.7±15.4 7(50) - 住院生存率64%
Taghavi,S 2004 左心室辅助+右心室辅助 13 51.3±15.6 10(77) - 住院生存率43%
Smedira,NG 2001 202 55±14 145(72) - 1个月、1年生存率8%,24%
表2 文献NOS量表评分(分)
图2 患者1个月病死率及住院病死率的荟萃分析。图a为1个月病死率;图b为住院病死率
图3 患者3个月存活率、6个月存活率、1年存活率、住院存活率、总存活率的荟萃分析。图a为3个月存活率;图b为6个月存活率;图c为1年存活率;图d为住院存活率;图e为总存活率
表3 病死率的敏感度分析
表4 存活率的敏感度分析
图4 1年生存率及住院存活率的发表偏倚漏斗图。图a为1年生存率;图b为住院存活率
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